CLOSED CAPTIONING GUIDELINES MANUAL
However, the production costs of manual closed captioning can be extremely expensive, particularly for live content.
CLOSED CAPTIONING GUIDELINES PROFESSIONAL
While manual processes are often thought of as being error-prone, professional closed captioning transcribers are very proficient at their craft, and typically deliver remarkably high accuracy – usually around 95%. Many programs were captioned by single transcriber, but redundant transcribers would be sometimes used to ensure that nothing was missed, particularly for live programming in which the content could not be paused or rewound. Human transcribers typed the text into a captioning system based on what they heard.
Historically, the text that viewers see in closed captions was created entirely manually for insertion into the video signal or stream. Public sector organizations now depend heavily on video streaming as a key component of their transparency initiatives, and closed captioning is essential in reaching the widest range of constituents while complying with the regulatory accessibility requirements of many jurisdictions. While typically associated with making programming more accessible for hearing-impaired viewers, closed captioning also allows audiences to better understand a show’s narration in noisy spaces like restaurants or with the audio volume turned down in sound-sensitive environments.Īs content consumption has increasingly moved online, the need for closed captioning has grown beyond traditional television to include streamed video.
Even for those who don’t have a reason to take advantage of it on a regular basis, most people who have watched broadcast or cable television are familiar with closed captioning – the text-based visual representation of a program’s audio elements.
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